2 diversity close matter filmy solar battery
To search the substitute of monocrystalline silicon batteries, people is divided outside developing solar battery of film of the polycrystalline silicon, silicon that be not brilliant, develop the solar battery of other material ceaselessly again. Basically include arsenic to change gallium III-V among them a group of things with common features cadmium of compound, vulcanization, vulcanization cadmium and batteries of film of Selenium of cupreous plug with molten metal. In afore-mentioned batteries, although vulcanization cadmium, tellurium changes the efficiency of batteries of film of cadmium much brilliant relatively efficiency of solar battery of film of the silicon that be not brilliant is tall, cost relatively monocrystalline silicon cell is small, and also easily mass production, but have as a result of cadmium virulent, can cause serious pollution to the environment, accordingly, not be solar battery optimal replaces crystal silicon.
Because have taller changeover efficiency to be taken seriously generally of people,arsenic changes gallium III-V compound and battery of film of cupreous indium Selenium. GaAs belongs to III-V a group of things with common features compound semiconductor material, its can be unoccupied place for 1. 4eV, as it happens is the value of tall absorptivity sun's rays, accordingly, it is very good batteries stuff. The preparation of the batteries of III-V compound film such as GaAs basically uses MOVPE and LPE technology, among them batteries of film of GaAs of MOVPE method preparation suffers underlay the influence of a lot of parameter such as rate of pressure of wrong, reaction, III-V, total flow.
Outside dividing GaAs, other III-V compound also got developing like the batteries material such as Gasb, GaInP. The efficiency of changeover of GaAs solar battery that institute of system of solar energy of fort of German cost Lai manufactured 1998 is 24. 2 ％ , for European record. First the efficiency of GaInP batteries changeover of preparation is 14. 7 ％ . See a table 2. Additional, this institute still uses GaAs of pile structure preparation, gasb batteries, this batteries is the batteries pile that becomes independent two is together, gaAs regards electrify as the pool, issueing what batteries uses is Gasb, gains batteries efficiency is achieved 31. 1 ％ .
CIC of abbreviation of CuInSe2 of cupreous indium Selenium. Of CIS material can fall for 1. LeV, comfortable Yu Taiyang's smooth photoelectricity is changed, additional, nonexistent light causes CIS filmy solar cell decline problem. Accordingly, CIS uses as material of solar battery of film of tall changeover efficiency also caused people fix eyes on.
The preparation of CIS batteries film basically has law of vacuum evaporate plating and Selenium to change a way. Law of vacuum evaporate plating is to use respective evaporate to send source evaporate copper facing, indium and Selenium, selenium changes a way is to use H2Se to fold layer film Selenium to change, but this law gets compositive even CIS hard. CIS filmy batteries from 80 time original the changeover efficiency of 8 ％ develops current 15 ％ left and right sides. The CIS batteries of the mix into gallium that electric industry company develops below Japanese pine, efficiency of its photoelectricity changeover is 15. 3 ％ (area 1cm2) . 1995 the United States but development of laboratory of second birth the sources of energy goes changeover efficiency for 17. The CIS solar battery of L ％ , this is up to now the highest changeover efficiency of this batteries on the world. Predict to 2000 the changeover efficiency of CIS batteries will achieve 20 ％ , be equivalent to polycrystalline silicon solar battery.
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