Foreword

Solar energy is the mankind those who take is endless those who use not of exhaust but second birth the sources of energy. Also be clean the sources of energy, do not arise any environmental pollution. In solar energy use effectively in the center; It is some closer that report uses big Yang Nengguang year will develop the fastest, provide the research field of vigor most, be among them most get one of projects that fix eyes upon. For this, people is developed and developed a solar battery. The solar battery that make basically is with semiconductor material is a foundation, its job principle is photoelectricity happens to react at changeover after using photoelectricity material to draw light energy, what use data according to place is different, the solar battery can divide for: 1, silicon solar battery; 2, the battery that changes the diversity such as Selenium of indium of cadmium of gallium III-V compound, vulcanization, copper to add up to content to be material like arsenic with inorganic salt; 3, the great this world of preparation of material of functional high polymer can batteries; 4, Na Mijing solar battery. No matter with why be being planted data makes battery, general to solar battery material requirement has: 1, the forbidden band of semiconductor material cannot too wide; ② should have taller photoelectricity to change efficiency: 3, material itself does not cause pollution to the environment; 4, material facilitates industrialization is produced and material performance is steady. Be based on above regard of a few respects, silicon is material of optimal solar battery, this also is the main reason that the solar battery gives priority to with silicon material. But the development of the ceaseless development as new material and relevant technology, the solar battery that is a foundation with other village makings also more and more show inviting prospect. The article summed up the sort of the solar battery briefly to reach its to study the current situation, discussed the development of the solar battery and tendency.

1 silicon is a solar battery

1.1 monocrystalline silicon solar batteries

In silicon series solar battery, monocrystalline silicon great this world can batteries changeover efficiency is highest, the technology is most mature also. Batteries of high-powered monocrystalline silicon is to build mix in material of high quality monocrystalline silicon the relevant treatment that becomes heat handles technology base to go up. Now the electric ground craft of monocrystalline silicon personal close maturity, make in batteries in, use exterior texture to change commonly, the technology such as emissive area passivation, divisional adulteration, the batteries of development basically has planar monocrystalline silicon batteries buries batteries of bar electrode monocrystalline silicon with quarter chamfer. Rise changing efficiency basically is to rely on processing of small structure of monocrystalline silicon surface and divisional adulteration craft. In this respect, german husband institute of solar energy system is maintaining Langhuofeifeilaibao world banner level. This institute uses photoetching to take a picture the technology changes batteries surface texture, make pyramid structure. Be in the surface one 13nm. Thick oxide passivation layer reduces tie of reflection coating photograph with two. Pass those who improved to eletroplate the rate of the breadth that the process increases grid and height: The battery that makes through above changes efficiency to exceed 23% , it is great value can be amounted to 23. 3 ％ . The large area of Kyocera company preparation (225cm2) efficiency of changeover of Chan Dianjing solar battery is 19. 44% , institute of domestic Beijing solar energy has the research of solar battery of efficient crystal silicon and development actively also, the batteries of planar and efficient monocrystalline silicon of development (2cmX2cm) changeover efficiency is achieved 19.79% , quarter chamfer buries batteries of silicon of bar electrode crystal (5cmX5cm) changeover efficiency is amounted to 8.6% .
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